PETALING JAYA: Enforcement officers must make regular checks to ensure that only genuine organic food products are labelled, said Fomca secretary-general Muhammad Sha’ani Abdullah.
In supporting the Government’s move to label organic food, he said the authentication process must be done consistently so that such labels were not misused.
“This is to ensure that produce from conventional farms will not be mixed with the organic products by mistake,” he said.
He said the requirements for organic fruits and vegetables must also be made public so that consumers would have better knowledge of these products.
On Wednesday, Deputy Agriculture and Agro-based Industries Minister Chua Tee Yong said all organic vegetables and fruits must carry the government-approved label from Jan 1 to enable consumers to differentiate between what was organic and what was not.
He also raised concerns on the watering system and the distance between conventional and organic farms.
“If organic farmers are using water that contains chlorine to water their plant, can their products still be labelled organic since chemicals are not supposed to be used in the farming of these produce?
“How far should conventional and organic farms be set apart? Can a farm still be considered organic if its neighbouring farm uses pesticide? All these questions must be answered,” he said.
Consumers Association of Penang president S. M. Mohd Idris welcomed the move to label organic food products.
“We have always been promoting organic food and we are glad that the Government is finally implementing this labelling system.
“However, we would encourage local organic farmers to supply their products locally to reduce carbon footprint,” he said.
--THE STAR—17/12/2010
Thursday, December 30, 2010
Fomca: Ensure Only Organic Food Have Labels
Check greens regularly
Source: The Star
PUTRAJAYA: The Government is stepping up surveillance on vegetables and fruits in the market to ensure they do not exceed permissible levels of chemical residue.
Deputy Agriculture and Agro-based Industries Minister Chua Tee Yong said the ministry would begin by encouraging farmers to take part in its 3P policy to “trace and track” the greens in the market.
He said 3P stands for Pengedaran (distribution), Pembungkusan (packaging) and Pelabelan (labelling), and such a system, when in place, would enable the ministry to withdraw any polluted products from the market immediately.
Those found guilty of providing or selling greens which exceed permissible levels would face a maximum fine of RM30,000 or be jailed for up to five years, Chua told a press conference here yesterday.
The majority of greens in the market are from conventional farms, and the rest are either categorised as greens from farms with good farming practices and comes with the department’s SALM (sistem amalan ladang baik Malaysia) certification or organic greens from farms with the SOM (sistem organik Malaysia) certification.
Chua had on Dec 15 said it was compulsory for organic vegetables to carry the ministry’s SOM logo effective tomorrow.
Chua also announced the results of checks on SALM and SOM certified vegetables which he had bought from a supermarket in Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur on Dec 15 for testing.
The CS2 residue from the SALM certified salad is 0.61mg/kg against its maximum residue limit (MRL) of 10mg/kg.
The CS2 residue from SOM certified sawi was 0.02mg/kg against its MRL of 0.5mg/kg.
In Labis, Johor, Chua said the government has always been sensitive towards the needs of residents.
He said this before handing over RM42,000 to over 84 families in Ladang Voules whose houses were damaged in a recent storm.
“I have visited this area several times and have also handed out monetary aid on previous occasions.
“This was before we knew of the coming by-election and we are not handing out aid for political backing but are just trying to help,” said Chua, who is also Labis MP.
The victims included 11 families from Kg Contoh, seven from Pekan Tenang, three from Sawah Padi, one from Kg Merah and 69 families from Ladang Voules.
從超市抽取3樣本‧富贵菜農藥超標
2010-12-30
（布城30日訊）農業及農基工業部副部長蔡智勇兩周前從市內一間超級市場抽取3種蔬菜樣本，經過化驗後發現到3種蔬菜樣本中有1種蔬菜含有超標農葯殘余。
根據化驗，農葯殘餘超標的是富貴菜樣本，其中四氯異苯（Chlorothalonil）被驗出含有2.24mg/kg，竟比最高殘餘限制標準（Maximum Residue Limit）0.01mg/kg超標200%。另兩樣生菜和菜心的農葯殘餘則沒有超標。
蔡智勇是於本月15日；前往隆市一間超市巡視和取回三種不同蔬菜樣本進行化驗。
他今日召開新聞發佈公佈化驗結果時指出，3個樣本中，有獲得SALM和SOM認證的蔬菜的農藥（二硫化碳CS2和四氯異苯CHLOROTHALONIL）殘余含量都沒有超標，而沒有獲得認證的蔬菜則被發現農葯殘余超標。
三種蔬菜化驗結果
1.生菜（獲得SALM認證）的二硫化碳含量是0.61mg/kg（最高殘留限制標準MRL是10mg/kg）
2.菜心（獲得SOM認證）的二硫化碳含量是0.02mg/kg（的最高殘留限制標準MRL是0.5mg/kg）
3.富貴菜／帝王菜（未獲認證農場），二硫化碳含量是5.58mg/kg，四氯異苯含量是2.24mg/kg（四氯異苯的最高殘留限制標準是0.01mg/kg）
超標農葯可能引起的疾病：
二硫化碳中毒可引起的疾病：暈、頭痛、失眠、多夢、乏力、記憶力減退、重者腦水腫、出現興奮、昏迷、可因呼吸中樞痲痺死亡。慢性中毒主要損害神經和心血管系統。
四氯異苯為低毒殺蟲劑，可引起的疾病如：濕疹、接觸性皮膚炎、或眼睛的過敏、癢、腫。由於可快速代謝，也可從尿液排出毒素，因飲食對人體造成的傷害風險极低。
http://sinchew.com.my/node/188379?tid=1
http://www.kwongwah.com.my/news/2010/12/30/63.html蔬菜农药超标的具体原因
作者：柏霜 文章来源：大连市金州区信息中心
一、标准化生产水平低
标准化生产是无公害蔬菜的生命线，是市场竞争力的核心，没有蔬菜标 准化、规范化生产，就不可能生产出高质量的蔬菜，而不规范的经营、不标准的生产，必然导致蔬菜病虫害发生严重，致使防治难度大，农药覆盖增多，农药残留加 重。所以，建议大力推广蔬菜标准化、规范化生产，这是现在乃至将来蔬菜发展的关键所在。
二、农药市场秩序混乱
我国对农药生产企 业、农药流通、使用管理等制度监管不严格，至少在农村基层没有严格的管理制度。如：有些农村小药厂生产的农药成分不公开，对国家禁止生产、使用的农药种 类，采取改头换面，另起名称，却含有其禁止的成分；再如：购买农药没有申请、登记手续，这是农药销售、使用混乱的祸根。据了解国外在农药管理上，基本采取 购买者先申请、登记后，方可取药的制度，而我们农村的一些小药店随意经营，农民随意购买，没有任何手续，没有任何限制，导致一些国家禁止使用的农药，仍屡 屡出现销售、使用的现象。所以，建议应从农药源头解决污染，加强安全使用农药的指导和监控，将高毒、剧毒、高残留农药拒于蔬菜生产区之外，创造一个良好的 生产环境。
三、农民安全用药意识差
目前我们地区农村的蔬菜生产方式仍以零散经营为主，占80%－90%，规模经营和契约经营者只 占10%－20%。所以，无公害蔬菜生产技术的宣传教育比较困难，白天很难集中农民进行宣传培训。还有农民自身素质等原因，使农民的安全用药意识不是很 强，对意识不强的农民，即使宣传教育到位，他也视而不见，不主动掌握安全用药技术，这耳听那耳冒，这种现象可占20%左右。所以，建议在宣传教育和提高农 民素质上加大力度，尤其是提高农民素质，是我国农业健康发展的关键之一。
四、农药科技含量有待提高
农药源头对无公害蔬菜生产至关 重要。而无公害农药的安全间隔期是上市蔬菜农药是否超标的关键因素。据了解，我国目前允许使用的无公害药品中，间隔期为１天的杀菌剂很少，杀虫剂也只有很 少几种，防治效果好的农药品种，间隔期基本在３－５天，甚至７天以上，这对一次性收获的叶菜类作物，可以做到在收获前３－７天停药，可对果菜类作物却行不 通，果菜类蔬菜采收期长达２个多月，盛果期天天采收，而且盛果期又是病虫害大发生时期，用间隔期１天的药，那两天采收一次，对果实的商品质量将会受到很大 影响，更何况间隔３－７天呢。所以，菜农很难做到安全、防效与利益兼顾。因此建议从农药源头抓起，立刻攻关农药配方技术，尽快生产一些防治速效、残留短效 （分解快）的农药，供每天采收的作物使用。
五、农民栽培技术和防病虫技术掌握不够
第一，在种植业中，蔬菜栽培要求技术较高，加之近几年蔬菜面积发展较快，新菜农较多，生产技术水平不是很高，在生产过程中，由于栽培技术原因导致病害发生严重。
第二，在防治病虫害技术上，农民没有预测能力和设备，很难掌握病虫害防治的关键时期，使防治难度加大，导致加大农药的使用浓度和次数。
第三，在农药使用方法上，技术掌握不够，特别在两种或多种农药混用时，对浓度计算有误，或者不明确可否混用的品种，造成药害和无防效等现象。
所以，建议加大对菜农的栽培技术和防治病虫害技术的培训力度。
六、对农残检测和监管力度不够
对于千家万户的上市蔬菜做到环境检测和各项质量指标检测难度很大，经销商和消费者很难在第一时间知道是否是无公害蔬菜，而真正生产无公害蔬菜的菜农的利 益无法得到保证，挫伤了生产者的积极性。而对故意不生产无公害蔬菜的菜农，严格的市场准入制是限制其生产行为的唯一办法，也是最有效的办法，只要他的超标 菜卖不出去，他就会立刻生产无公害蔬菜。所以，建议健全农残检测和监控制度，对规范菜农生产行为，确保生产安全蔬菜的菜农的利益，及对广大消费者的身心健 康，都有重大的意义。
http://www.gzxw.gov.cn/Njtd/Nykj/200812/11258.shtm
中国蔬菜农药残留超日本标准42倍
日本奈良县有关部门2010年12月24日称，检测发现产自中国的青菜残留农药超标，残留程度达到日本《食品卫生法》规定标准42倍。
据报道，被检测出的农药名为“苯醚甲环唑（Difenoconazole）”，用于苹果等的杀菌农药。规定残留标准为0.01PPm，实际检测出的却是0.42PPm。
日本奈良县称，农药是于15日从县立学校回收的青菜中检测出的。据报道，这些青菜是由位于东京都港区的进口商“Heartfood”从中国进口，并用“冷冻青菜切块”的名字销售。奈良县已就此事依法通知港区。
Saturday, December 25, 2010
联合国报告称海洋酸化严重恐危及人类食品安全
06-12-2010
联合国日前发布报告显示，全球海洋的化学成分正以6000多万年以来的最快速度发生变化，海洋酸化形势严峻，对海洋生物多样性和食品安全均构成威胁。
据美国有线电视新闻网12月3日报道，联合国环境规划署12月2日发布一份名为“海洋酸化的环境后果”的报告，其中表示，目前全球海洋正呈现严重的酸化现象，导致珊瑚礁和贝类生物等海洋生物组织的生存环境日益恶劣。
这份报告起草人之一，来自英国普利茅斯海洋实验室的科学家科罗尔·特利在报告中表示，“海洋酸化现象正直接影响到生物组织和一些重要的生态系统，而这正是数十亿人的食品来源之一。我们需要考虑海洋酸化对食品安全的威胁了”。
http://www.cqagri.gov.cn/detail.asp?pubID=446827
联合国环境署：气候变化造成海洋酸化 可能威胁渔业生产
联合国环境规划署说，气候变化造成的海洋酸化，是6500万年来变化最快速的酸化现象，可能会威胁到渔业生产，影响食物供应。
在坎昆举行的联合国气候变化会议发表的一份报告说，矿物燃料产生的碳排放对海洋环境造成的危害，远比人们想象的严重得多。它对生物的繁衍和多样性以及渔业都会造成广泛的不良影响。
据联合国环境规划署发起的研究报告说，每年数十亿吨的二氧化碳被海洋吸收，逐步使海水酸度加剧。在今后数十年内，因污染造成的结果，可能会在海产食物链中反应出来。
这份研究报告是由英国和联合国教科文组织的专家共同撰写的。
日益增加的海水酸度已对基于钙的小生物产生影响，而这些生物是蟹、鱼、龙虾和珊瑚的主要食物来源。例如小龙虾不能像成年龙虾那样，长出健康的壳。同样某些小鱼的嗅觉系统也因此不如现在的大鱼那样健全。
专家告诫，造成海洋酸化的原因很多，目前尚不完全清楚。报告呼吁，要减少人为制造的二氧化碳排放，以降低海洋酸化，并支持对海洋酸化给生物造成的威胁进行进一步研究。
二氧化碳对海洋造成的温室效应早已被人所知。二氧化碳使大气和地球表面的温度升高，已发现因此改变了鱼类的迁移。一些生物学家担心，最近几年珊瑚的绝迹显然与高温有关。
Agriculture: Bad weather made for bad outcome in 2010
24.12.2010
By Gayane Mkrtchyan
ArmeniaNow reporter
In its end-of-year summary, the Ministry of Agriculture of Armenia confirmed what is widely know – 2010 was a bad year for farming, resulting in a 14.5 percent decline in production.
“Frostbite early this year, then rain, then drought created unfavorable conditions for agriculture,” says Minister of Agriculture Gerasim Alaverdyan. “We had production decrease in all sectors of plant cultivation, which resulted in price hike this year.”
According to data of the National Statistical Service (NSS), in January-November 2010, 8.1 percent inflation was registered in Armenia, as compared to the same period last year, much of it related to food prices.
Severely hit this year was potato production, dropping from 590,000 tons last year to 490,000 this year. According to NSS potato prices increased by 39 percent.
Alaverdyan says fruit production was also drastically off its expected output.
“This year we had 185,000 tons fruit as compared to 330,000 tons in 2009. Only in Armavir province, 9,300 tons harvest was gathered as compared to 87,000 tons last year,” Alaverdyan says.
The poor performance was also felt in vegetable production: 800,000 tons in 2009, and 690,000 tons in 2010.
The rare good news was in grape production, with an increase to 218,000 tons over last year’s 207,000.
Rumors have surfaced that Alaverdyan may be in danger of being dismissed from his post.
“I have presented my work at the government session today. We hear the news every day, too. We will sum this up at our party, and my party and I will make this decision there. I am the soldier of my party.”
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
Snow Endanger Farming
Johann Tasker
Thursday 02 December 2010 13:55
Dozens of farm buildings have collapsed under the weight of snow, prompting safety warnings for both farmers and livestock.
Worst affected is north-east Scotland, where more than 60cm of snow has fallen, closely followed by north-east England.
Dairy producer Stephen Ball, who farms at Berwick-Upon-Tweed, said his cows had a lucky escape after a roof collapsed following 43cm of snow.
"Heard an almighty crash; feed passage roof has collapsed with weight of snow, luckily no cows injured," he wrote on Twitter.
Rural insurer NFU Mutual said collapsing roofs were a particular concern, putting farm animals and farmers at risk.
NFU Mutual manager Matthew Scott said the insurer had received 15 claims for collapsed roofs from the Aberdeen area and 12 from the Borders. "So far we have had no reports of animals being injured.
"Often there are warning signs that roofs are going to give way - creaking noises from girders and beams bowing under the strain. When this happens farmers can get livestock out before the roof collapses."
Mr Scott advised farmers to take extreme care when trying to minimise the risk of a building collapsing by clearing snow from roofs.
"Working on farm roofs is dangerous at the best of times, but in deep snow the risks are even greater," he said.
Elsewhere, temperatures as low as -17c in Wales and snowfall across much of the UK has seen claims for burst pipes and uncollected milk from farms.Thursday, December 9, 2010
菜园迁郊区•城市蔬菜自给不足三成
2010/12/08
（北京讯）中国“人民网”今天报道，中国国务院日前发布的《关于进一步促进蔬菜生产保障市场供应和价格基本稳定的通知》指出，目前部分大城市蔬菜自给率过低，容易导致蔬菜价格大起大落。
农业部市场与经济信息司司长钱克明说，过去十年，中国城郊“菜篮子”产品生产基地不断向远离城市的农区转移，打破原有的“近郊为主、远郊为辅、农区补充”的生产布局。
据报道，目前中国部分大城市的蔬菜自给率不足30%。
生产量受气候影响：在业内人士看来，城郊蔬菜基地的远徙，城市蔬菜自给率的下降，致使稳定市场供应难度增加，菜价的季节性波动在所难免。
福州市农业局局长吴建成认为，大量菜田由城郊向农区转移，农区新建菜田基础设施建设滞后，抗灾能力弱，蔬菜生产受自然气候影响较大。
11月初，寒潮的到来和连续的阴雨天气，给福州耐热蔬菜生长带来较大影响，造成福州菜价普遍上涨。
Wednesday, December 8, 2010
新发现细菌以砷替磷
美国天空总署（NASA）科学家发现一种菌，能吃有毒的砷（砒霜）转化为磷。生物科学家一直相信，有6种元素对生命至为重要：磷、水、碳、氮、氧、硫磺。但这种菌却不需要磷，而以砷维持生命。
据《科学》杂志说，太空总署研究人员是在美国加州莫诺湖的咸水湖底，发现这种细菌。
英国广播公司（BBC）科技记者说，以前也曾发现吃砷的细菌，但最新发现的菌种却能把砷融入自身系统，甚至进入DNA。
这对寻找外太空生命，将打开一道更宽阔的门楣。科学家一直相信，地球出现生命是大气层中有磷，但美国科学家在加州发现这种细菌竟能在含砷量高的环境生存，并且用砷代替磷，显示生命可能在没有磷的星体存活。
冬虫夏草价若黄金
由于气候多变，中国不断发生天灾，已使冬虫夏草产量减少，加上囤积抬价，一度飙升到188到680元人民币不等，最高价等于310令吉。
中国冬虫夏草的价格已经超过人参和鹿茸，甚至比黄金高。由于不能完全人工栽培，虫草的价格一直在升涨，如今比上世纪90年代涨高了30多倍。
在青海的冬虫夏草交易圈，流行“抖一抖，一头牛”的比喻，在几十斤的交易中，只要抖一抖上面的泥巴，可以节省相等于一头牛的钱，可见买家是斤两不让。
气候变化对药草的影响比粮食跑得快，因此世人并未谨慎看待气候与粮食生产的关联性最终使生活与贸易出现强烈竞争，粮食会不会比石油更加重要，进而“拥有粮食就是强者”，尚需拭目以待。
Monday, December 6, 2010
2010年历来气温最热
（2010年12月3日报道）世界气象组织公布的数据指出，2010年似乎是1850年有气温纪录以来最热的三个年份之一。
气象组织昨日在墨西哥坎昆举行联合国气候大会上公布数据，截至上个月，今年的平均气温比另外两个最热年份1998和2005年稍高，不过今年的排名，原则上要明年初总结数据后才能确定。
气象组织表示，全球变暖是无可争辩的。世界气象组织秘书长雅罗在记者会上称，2010年已几乎可以确定是有记录以来最热的三个年份之一，而如果 只计算到10-11月，今年可能是最热的一年。
他还表示，2001-2010年将成为有气象记录以来的最热一个十年。
截至上个月，2010年的平均气温比1961到1990年同期平均温度高摄氏0.55度，过去10年也可能成为有气温纪录以来最热的10年。期间1月至10月的平均气温比1961至1990年同期，高摄氏0.16度。
报告也凸显了2010年各地气候出现异常现象的问题，包括俄罗斯遭遇史无前例的热浪 侵袭，造成大约1万1000人死亡。
大马10月出口创新低
全球經濟成長放緩影響加劇，加上電子與電器產品及原油出口銳減，導致大馬10月份出口延續成長個位數，並處低方，按年僅微增1.3%，創下今年成長最低紀錄，惟仍超越市場預測。
國際貿工部發文告指出，10月出口按年小漲1.3%至549億8千萬令吉，按月則增長 8.92%，超越《彭博社》針對15經濟學家作出的中值萎縮1.4%預估。10月進口按年漲升12.56%至481億3千萬令吉，按月走高10.7%，顯示大馬經濟後續 動力仍在。
10月份總貿易額寫下1千零31億令吉，按年上升6.2%，按月也走高9.8%，錄得68億5 千萬令吉貿易盈餘，比9月的70億1千萬令吉低。
首10個月總貿易額累積至9千675億8千萬令吉，按年增長21%。其中，首10個月國內總出 口額攀升18.1%至5千295億6千萬令吉。至於首10個月進口則是走高24.7%至4千380億2千萬令吉，促使首10個月貿易盈餘擴大至915億5 千萬令吉。
9月出口揚升主要歸功於精煉石油產品增長32.33%，抵銷原油暴跌46.20%與電子與電器 產品下滑5.87%利空。
在主要出口國方面，對泰國出口按年下跌16.51%；對美國市場因電子與電器商品下滑而走低 10.8%；對中國與韓國也各萎縮6.67%與7.52%。
至於其他國家則按年增長，其中台灣出口額大漲43.52%至19億9千萬令吉。
值得一提的是，各主要出口市場按月仍成長，惟動力已減緩。
雖然10月進出口成長動力下滑，創下11個月新低，惟經濟學家認為出口仍能持續成長，沒有掉入 萎縮格局中，已屬於“不幸中的大幸”
聯昌研究經濟學家吳美玲表示，原本預計在電子與電器產品外圍買氣減弱，加上馬幣升值削弱競爭 力，料10月出口額會萎縮1%。不過10月出口仍可持續成長，表現令人鼓舞。
“不過，歐美經濟力道走軟已是事實，間接影響區域間貿易強度，預料下個月出口動力進一步放軟， 尤其電子與電器產品方面前景黯淡。”
雖然如此，她認為在原產品價格攀漲下，原油、原棕油與橡膠產品可望協助支撐出口額。
国内投资放缓
新加坡吸金冠亞洲
外國直接投資方面，亞洲國家因未處於全球信貸危機風暴圈中赫然崛起，當中新加坡以佔總外國直接 投資製造業投資批准的27%名列冠軍，緊接為日本（22.4%）、美國（7.7%）、開曼群島（6.8%）、瑞士（4.4%），以及台灣（4.1%）和中 國（3.8%）。
大多數外國直接投資製造業投資批准轉向電子與電器產品、非金屬礦物產品、化學與化學產品、基本 金屬產品、金屬製造產品、食品製造和交通設備。
整體而言， 2010年首9個月製造業投資批准出現反彈，但是成長步伐随全球經濟減緩，因此政府已透過新經濟模式和多元政策，來達到經濟轉型和促進私人領域投資目標，相信基礎設施和產業發展將是2011年私人投資主要推手。
相信私人投資在經濟轉型計劃工程扶持下，表現料相對穩定，但預計增速將從今年的成長 8.6%放緩至2011年的7.8%。
Tuesday, November 30, 2010
苦瓜炒蛋一点不苦
在还没有吃苦瓜炒蛋之前，我喜欢吃苦瓜煎蛋，因为它可以调剂洋葱炒蛋的腥味，但吃过苦瓜炒蛋之后，我更加喜欢苦瓜炒蛋的清香滋味，而不是煎蛋。
苦瓜用来煎蛋的味道集中在蛋的香味，苦瓜味道被夺了去，吃不到我喜欢的苦瓜味，可是苦瓜炒蛋的风味则相反，苦瓜的味道芬香，再加上鸡蛋的浓郁味道，吃起来更加有味道的。
我们在砂拉越美里海边酒楼吃这一道菜时，初时没有感觉它的特别，吃完这一道菜之后，发现苦瓜和蛋是片甲不留，才知道整桌10人，都没有放过它哟！
研究这一道菜的做法，厨师应当是先将苦瓜炒得略熟，才加上蛋略略过锅，不等蛋有十分熟就起菜入盘，因此蛋和苦瓜的味道都很清香。不过，要注意，并非所有厨师都懂得炒这一道菜噢！
Sunday, November 21, 2010
柚子果树全身是寶
柚子含有豐富的纖維質和維他命 C，常吃有益健胃，順氣、化痰，也可消除疲勞、宿醉，化解便秘的功效。台灣俗話說「輕柑重柚」，因此柚子應挑選比較重的，大小約在十兩到十四兩左右。而柚 子的外皮最好是毛細孔愈細愈好，皮薄光潤，色澤淡綠或是淡黃，底部穩重外型勻稱，就能挑到好吃的柚子。
柚子剛採下不必急著吃，可放置七到十天，讓柚子「辭水」，也就是讓多餘的水分蒸發，以增加柚子的甜度，柚子如果放在通風處，最長可放兩個月而不會變味。另外，柚子幾乎全身是寶，將食用後的柚子皮剝開，放在陽光下曝曬三天，就變成環保又健康的「柚子薰香」。
柚果皮一片片切下來後，取綠色的油囊部分，放果菜機裡頭，加水打碎，放進冰箱冷藏的時候，不要密封，柚子精油就會自然提煉出來。柚子的表皮富含精油，熬成湯汁之後加到洗澡水中，不但具有美容效果，也能免於受到蚊蟲的叮咬，因為蚊蟲不喜歡柚子的味道。因此柚子皮不要隨便丟掉，因為柚子皮不但可用來泡澡，曬乾後還是古早時的天然蚊香呢。柚子還可以做為冰箱的除臭劑，把剝下來的柚皮放在冰箱的角落，柚皮的清香可以有效地消除冰箱中的異味。
柚子不只果實能吃，柚皮、柚葉、柚根，甚至是柚子的種子等，都可以入藥，各有療效。但柚子是寒性水果，可別一時貪嘴吃太多，尤其是腸胃偏寒、胃潰瘍，以及動不動就腹瀉的人，更要節制，另外，有氣喘的人也不適合吃太多，以免惡化。此外，过年和佳节期间，也可用柚叶冲凉和清洗神器，据说有驱邪迎副的作用。Tambun Pomelo Growers a 1 Malaysia Success Story
IPOH: The Tambun pomelo growers’ struggle for land titles is truly a 1 Malaysia success story, said Second Finance Minister Datuk Seri Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah.
“The majority of them are Chinese who worked hard to develop their orchard.
“We have ‘bad’ people trying to take away the land that they have toiled for almost 50 years,” Ahmad Husni said during the presentation of the 99-year lease letters to the 72 growers in Tambun yesterday.
Ahmad Husni, who is also Tambun MP, said the episode was riddled with so many twists and plots that it had all the right ingredients to be made into a movie and offered to finance any reporter willing to write a story or script based on the growers’ struggles.
Ahmad Husni said the total land area involved was about 43.3ha and each grower needed to pay RM1,345 premium to get their land titles.
“The state government has agreed to waive their summonses of RM3,000 for encroaching on government land,” he added.
Ahmad Husni said that he would discuss with the state government to draw up a masterplan to develop the pomelo orchards to attract tourists.
He said the orchards would need to be modernised with more facilities and proper fencing.
Tambun pomelo growers finally get their land titles
Monday February 1, 2010
IPOH: After decades of uncertainty and countless eviction notices, pomelo growers in Tambun here will finally get the rights to the land which they and their forefathers have toiled on for the past 80 years.
Mentri Besar Datuk Seri Dr Zambry Abdul Kadir said the state government had approved land titles to 62 growers as part of initial efforts to solve their long-standing problems.
“The growers get to keep their original plots, each ranging between 40 sq metres and 1.79ha, for 99 years at a premium of RM1,000 per hectare on condition that they continue to grow pomelos.
“And at the requests of Tambun MP Datuk Seri Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah and state executive councillor Datuk Dr Mah Hang Soon, the state will not impose any penalty on the growers for farming on state land without permission.
“We will waive the penalty, which is normally twice the amount of land premium imposed, as we know that these growers have genuinely farmed on the land for decades and are not mere trespassers,” Dr Zambry said.
The 46.5ha land that was granted to the group of growers yesterday had initially belonged to the state but was later alienated to a developer.
Dr Zambry said the landowner had agreed in principle to return the orchard land to the state government for an alternative piece of land elsewhere.
For decades, the fate of the growers, who have made the Tambun pomelo a household name and known the world over, had hung in the balance as they received notice after notice to vacate the land to make way for a commercial project.
Tambun Pomelo Growers Association chairman Chow Sun, 74, said the farmers had fought hard to obtain ownership to the land which their forefathers had cleared and set up the pomelo farms some 80 years ago.
He said four generations had worked hard on the land and at present, about 200 to 300 people were involved in the activity on 809ha of land in the area.
“I am very satisfied with today’s results after all that we’ve been through in the last 25 years, trying to get our land titles.
“Nevertheless, we will continue to fight for the rest who have yet to get their titles,” he promised.
Ahmad Husni, who is also Second Finance Minister, said there were plans to engage a consultant to create a masterplan to upgrade the area into a world-class tourist destination.
http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2010/2/1/nation/5588265&sec=nation
Pomelo Farmers of Tambun To Get Land Titles
Saturday November 20, 2010
IPOH: About 70 growers of the popular Tambun pomelo are a step closer to getting titles to the land they and their forefathers have toiled on for the past 40 years.
They are expected to get 99-year lease letters for their orchards from the Perak government today.
Tambun Pomelo Growers Association secretary Chin Too Kam said the group was thankful to Mentri Besar Dr Zambry Abd Kadir for making good the promise he made during his visit to their orchards in January.
Chin, 67, a second generation pomelo grower, expressed his gratitude to Tambun MP Datuk Seri Ahmad Husni Hanadzlah, Hulu Kinta assemblyman Datuk Rosnah Kassim and state executive councillor Datuk Dr Mah Hang Soon for their assistance over the years.
He said the group’s struggle for land titles to their 46ha orchard had been riddled with false hopes and disappointment in the last 20 years.
“We hope the other 70 to 80 farmers in the area who have yet to get their land titles will also receive similar good news soon,” he said.
A 56.5ha land area occupied by the remaining farmers, he said, was alienated to a developer sometime between 1993 and 1994 and the farmers had been applying for the titles since 1991.
“Pomelo growers have only this area. The land here is suitable and fertile for growing pomeloes. Houses can be built anywhere,” Chin said, adding that some 500 people would be left homeless and with no livelihood if they were chased out of the area.
Even if they were to start over, he said it would take at least three years for the new trees to bear fruits.
Chin also urged the state government to promote the pomelo orchards in Tambun and Ampang as a tourist destination. His orchard received 20,000 visitors last year.
苦等半世纪•感激胡斯尼 打扪72柚农喜获地契
（怡保讯2010/11/21）打扪72户柚农终喜获等待逾50年年的柚园农地地契批准信，除了能安心为果园未来发展好好计划，柚农最感激“打扪柚子之父”第二财长拿督斯里胡斯尼，锲而不舍的为农民争取地契的成果。
胡斯尼昨晚在打扪柚园颁发柚园地契批准信5a表格（Borong 5a）给72户农民，共占地107亩地，拥99年地契。令农民欢喜不已。
冀好好规划发展
出席者包括霹雳州行政议员拿督马汉顺、乌鲁近打区州议员拿督罗斯娜、曼锐区州议员拿督纳斯里、打扪柚园公会主席周胜、总务冼桃金及马华打扪区会主席王林清等。
胡斯尼也是打扪区国会议员。他致词时说，他于1993年开始为农民争取地契，展开的长征之路至今已17年。如今不但是农民感到兴奋，他也非常高兴。能取得今天的成果，是因为获得农民配合及国阵议员的努力争取。
他促请周胜及农民，好好规划柚园未来发展，把打扪柚子园发展为闪亮的生态旅游区。
他说，打扪柚子园切实反映“一个马来西亚”理念，例如农民是华人、村长是马来人，而为农民争取地契的是马来人的国会议员。
已是第二代农民 ★杨建威（38岁，柚农）
我很高兴能获得地契批准信，我已是第二代种植柚子的农民，在打扪区耕种30多年。柚园地共占0.7亩地，接下来将会好好发展。
8旬母亲圆心愿 ★刘秀萍（54岁，柚农）
我的柚子园地是由母亲传下来，母亲现在已82岁了，很久以前就盼望能获地契，如今终获地契批准信，母亲一定会很开心。我要感激第二财政部长拿督斯里胡斯尼及州务大臣拿督斯里赞比里协助。
终获地契好兴奋 ★周胜
柚农等了多年终于取得地契批准信，柚农非常兴奋，最要感激的就是胡斯尼。
希望农民祝福胡斯尼及协助农民获得地契的人士都身体健康，以期能继续为其余的柚农取得地契。
终能安心发展 ★李国兴（51岁，柚农）
等了多年终能获得地契批准信，感到非常高兴。我有1.5亩地，我可安心发展柚子园了。过去未能好好发展，主要是未取得地契。
http://chinese.cari.com.my/news/chinapress/content_new.php?dt=2010-11-22&sec=local&art=1122lp01.txt
Thursday, November 18, 2010
农耕地合法化不是绮梦
有人不断振振有词的说：“政府绝对不会解决农民的土地问题”。但这个屡被某些人奉为神句的说话，却在雪兰莪州乌鲁音菜农争取到土地的种植机会之后，在今年农历新年前夕再次听到霹雳州政府发出地契给打扪柚农的消息。
霹雳州务大臣赞比里当时宣布，批出为期99年地契给霹雳州打扪地区62名柚农，同时豁免他们一直以来在政府的土地上种植柚子的罚款。
虽然打扪柚农至今还没有真正看到农地的地契，但他们有信心，州政府将会履约发出地契。
农音鲜蔬有限公司董事主席陈来安、董事经理朱国庆与董事欧俊强与江胜强，前往双溪古月拜访当地农友之后，与双溪古月菜农公会秘书蔡永福，以及近打农友蔡南兴夫妇，一同参观打扪的柚子园，和了解柚农争取农地的最新消息。
当地柚农除了感激州政府诚意处理地契问题之外，也感激第二财长兼打扪区国会议员阿末胡斯尼，积极为保留柚子产地费尽心思，表示深切谢意。
大马蔬菜市场刍议（十二）
外劳短缺震荡蔬菜市场
政府严格控制外劳申请，公开的目的，是要稳定内部治安，以及避免外劳，尤其是孟加拉外劳申请我国永久居留证，即红色登记。
暂且不说，外劳申请永久居留证是谁所造成。且说，我国蔬菜产销在外劳撤退之后所出现的问题是什么。
根据各地菜农公会所提供的资料，许多菜农由于无法申请足够的外劳，已经减少生产，或者必须亲历亲为，才能解决每日必须进行的生产劳作。以往，这些工作都是菜农交待外劳处理，由外劳全程进行生产的，而菜园少了外劳之后，原本开垦20英亩土地的菜农，可能只有1-2个工人帮忙，只能用到10英亩土地。
此外，在各行业外劳短缺的情况下，也造成渴求外劳的情况恶化，使菜园外劳不断流动和跳槽，工资也讨价还价而水涨船高，据说外劳工资已经增加了20%以上。据砂拉越一位菜农说，如果他现有的3位印尼外劳还要跳草裙舞，他可能会辞退所有外劳，个人种植2-3英亩地，全部种植工作少的蔬菜算了。在彭亨直凉，原有约40户菜农，如今仅剩不足10人，而且当中还有菜农计划不种蔬菜，改种水果。另悉，目前超级市场的蔬菜价格也在起价，部分水果如西瓜等，是供不应求，而且求购无门，加上邻国水灾，黄瓜也非以往那么容易采购了。
菜园人类短缺和种植减少的危机是，市场供应不足，货源有限定，蔬菜品种不广，而造成蔬菜价格提高，品种有限，进而影响消费人从蔬菜摄取营养的需求，并且影响国人的整体健康指数。我们感到奇怪的是，为了脚底生了一粒疮，有必要把整条腿砍掉吗？Sunday, November 7, 2010
现代城市规划要保留农业
遭受金融重创的美国汽车城底特律正面临着居民人口锐减，大量房屋土地闲置的难题。如何重振底特律并让市内的土地再次升值？约翰·昂斯天才的建议：在城市内建设农场，以吸纳市场上过多的闲置土地，迫使农场周围的土地升值。
约翰·昂斯是底特律富有的基金经理。他曾是美国运通的明星股票经纪人，13年前离开公司创业到今天，昂斯金融服务公司管理着130亿美元资产，有20个办公室，500名员工分布在密歇根州、俄亥俄州及佐治亚州。
没错，农场，一个城市内的大型、营利性的农场。它能带来诸多的好处：弥补税收不足，提供体面的工作机会，供应本地市场及食肆新鲜农产品，并能吸引世界各地的游客，最重要的是刺激周围地带的发展，因为土地市场的“稀缺”将带来投资。昂斯自己先拿出3000万美元，于今年春季以底特律东边50英 亩的土地作为试点。“它会成为世界上最大的城市农场。”
如果把这一想法放到纽约、伦敦或东京，则无疑是痴人说梦，但底特律不同，这个昔日全美第4大城、美国工业的象征，今天却已是北美后工业时代萧条城市的代表。
曾有200万人口的底特律，如今只有不到90万人留下，密歇根商务领导人公司总裁罗斯威尔认为，当金融危机风雨平息，很可能只剩下70来万人，那么，这块土地要用来做什么呢？
面对这些事实，越来越多的决策者和城市规划者已开始接受农业作为一种解决方案。美国建筑师学会在最近一份报告中称：“底特律是特别适合成为一个商业规模的城市农业的先驱。”在这一点上，底特律倒是走在了前面。
哈佛大学城市规划和设计系主任克里格认为，50年后的城市，居住区将更密集，但也会保留部分土地用作其他用途，农业是其中一个选择。
一个有围墙的、塞得满满的城市，已是18世纪的概念。克里格认为，21世纪新城市的概念将从那些旧的、腐朽的城市，如新奥尔良、克利夫兰，尤其是底特律等城市中涅槃而出。
http://gcontent.oeeee.com/e/25/e25cfa90f0435195/Blog/159/25509b.html
http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2010/07/ebg072110.html
Problems of City Without Agriculture.
Some of us had put our future in the pass that we want to build a country of cities with rich and prosperity. But we never put in sight for crime will follow rich and prosperity.
Abandoned buildings is home of criminals and drug addicts.
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Like it or not, agriculture is strategic not only for food security.
Farming, whether through small-scale gardens or large urban farms, can enhance the esthetics of the city, create jobs, and improve food safety, quality, and access. Urban agriculture is not only a practical economic development model for a struggling
In some respects this is happening in
http://gas2.org/2010/01/22/detroit-from-motor-city-to-urban-farm/